How is cytarabine liposomal administered?
Liposomal cytarabine is given is by intraventricular or intrathecal infusion. This method is used when drugs need to reach the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) the fluid that is surrounding the brain and spinal cord, the drug is infused directly into the spinal fluid.
In which position should the nurse place a patient following the administration of cytarabine liposomal?
Following drug administration by lumbar puncture, the patient should be instructed to lie flat for 1 hour. Patients should be observed by the physician for immediate toxic reactions.
Where does cytarabine come from?
The isolation of C-nucleosides from the Caribbean sponge, Cryptotheca crypta, four decades ago, provided the basis for the synthesis of cytarabine, the first marine-derived anticancer agent to be developed for clinical use. Cytarabine is currently used in the routine treatment of patients with leukaemia and lymphoma.
What is intrathecal cytarabine?
Cytarabine is a clear liquid. An experienced cancer doctor injects it into the fluid around the spinal cord during a lumbar puncture. This treatment is also called intrathecal cytarabine.
How often is cytarabine given?
Intermittent dosing: Cytarabine may be given as intermittent intravenous doses of 3-5 mg/kg daily, for five consecutive days. This course of treatment can be repeated after an interval of 2 to 9 days and repeated until the therapeutic response or toxicity is exhibited.
What are the side effects of cytarabine?
Cytarabine may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:
- nausea.
- vomiting.
- diarrhea.
- stomach pain.
- loss of appetite.
- sores in the mouth and throat.
- hair loss.
- muscle or joint pain.
How do you administer IV cytarabine?
Cytarabine Injection can be diluted with Sterile Water for Injections BP, Glucose Intravenous Infusion BP or Sodium Chloride Intravenous Infusion BP. Prepared infusions, in the recommended diluents, should be used immediately.
How do you administer cytarabine?
Cytarabine may be given as an infusion into the vein (intravenous or IV). Another method it is given is by intrathecal infusion. This method is used when drugs need to reach the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) the fluid that is surrounding the brain and spinal cord, the drug is infused directly into the spinal fluid.
Where is cytarabine found?
Cytarabine metabolism primarily occurs in the liver. It has an active metabolite- azacytidine triphosphate; and an inactive metabolite- uracil arabinoside, which is cleared by the kidney.
What metabolite do cytarabine target?
Cytarabine is metabolized intracellularly into its active triphosphate form (cytosine arabinoside triphosphate). This metabolite then damages DNA by multiple mechanisms, including the inhibition of alpha-DNA polymerase, inhibition of DNA repair through an effect on beta-DNA polymerase, and incorporation into DNA.
Is cytarabine radioactive?
After subcutaneous or intramuscular administration of cytarabine labeled with tritium, peak-plasma levels of radioactivity are achieved about 20 to 60 minutes after injection and are considerably lower than those after intravenous administration.
How long does cytarabine take to work?
Nadir: White blood cells: 7-10 days, platelets: 12-15 days. Nausea and vomiting. Mouth sores (usually occur 7-10 days after therapy).
What is an Ommaya reservoir?
Ommaya reservoirs are subcutaneous implantable devices that provide a secure route of drug delivery into the CSF via an intraventricular catheter. They are an important alternative in cases where intrathecal injection via lumbar puncture is difficult.
Can Ommaya reservoirs be used to deliver central nervous system-directed chemotherapy in childhood leukaemia?
The Use of Ommaya Reservoirs to Deliver Central Nervous System-Directed Chemotherapy in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Prophylactic eradication of central nervous system (CNS) leukaemia is the current standard of care in treating childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).
Can I eat before an Ommaya reservoir procedure?
Because the placement of an ommaya reservoir is a surgical procedure, you may be instructed to refrain from eating at least eight hours prior to the procedure. You may also be told to stop taking certain medications, such as blood thinners, prior to your surgery.