Is C-Jun anti apoptotic?
Anti-apoptotic activity C-jun protects cells from UV-induced apoptosis, and it cooperates with NF-κB to prevent apoptosis induced by TNFα. The protection from apoptosis by c-jun requires serines 63/73 (involved in phosphorylation of Jun), which is not required in c-jun-mediated G1 progress.
What is C fos and c-jun?
The c-jun and c-fos proto-oncogenes encode proteins that form a complex which regulates transcription from promoters containing AP-1 activation elements. c-Jun has specific DNA binding activity, while c-Fos has homology to the putative DNA binding domain of c-Jun.
What is the JNK pathway?
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is one of the major signaling cassettes of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. It functions in the control of a number of cellular processes, including proliferation, embryonic development and apoptosis.
What does c-fos stand for?
In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, c-fos is a proto-oncogene that is the human homolog of the retroviral oncogene v-fos. It was first discovered in rat fibroblasts as the transforming gene of the FBJ MSV (Finkel–Biskis–Jinkins murine osteogenic sarcoma virus) (Curran and Tech, 1982).
What is Jun biology?
JUN (Jun Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with JUN include Sarcoma and Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma.
What does C-FOS stand for?
What are JNK inhibitors?
Currently, designing effective and specific JNK inhibitors is an active area in the cancer treatment. Some ATP-competitive inhibitors of JNK, such as SP600125 and AS601245, are widely used in vitro; however, this type of inhibitor lacks specificity as they indiscriminately inhibit phosphorylation of all JNK substrates.
How is JNK activated?
Genetic disruption of MEKK1 in mice abrogates JNK activation by certain stimuli 24, 25. However, the physiological relevance of other MAP3Ks in JNK activation has yet to be determined. JNK activity is also regulated by protein phosphatases, scaffold proteins such as JIP, β-arrestin and JSAP1, and NF-κB 12.
What does c-Fos do in the brain?
c-Fos is currently used as a marker of neuronal activity and has been associated with a number of neural and behavioral responses to acute stimuli expression.
How does c-Fos work?
c-Fos encodes a 62 kDa protein, which forms heterodimer with c-jun (part of Jun family of transcription factors), resulting in the formation of AP-1 (Activator Protein-1) complex which binds DNA at AP-1 specific sites at the promoter and enhancer regions of target genes and converts extracellular signals into changes …
How is transcription factor c-jun regulated?
The transcriptional activities of c-Jun, ATFs, and MEF2 are regulated upon phosphorylation by various protein kinases, including the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), which have been implicated in vitro in the transcriptional regulation of c-jun (18, 23).
How is AP 1 activated?
AP-1 activity is induced by numerous extracellular matrix and genotoxic agents, suggesting involvement in programmed cell death. Many of these stimuli activate the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) leading to the phosphorylation of Jun proteins and enhanced transcriptional activity of AP-1 dependent genes.