Who is Andrei Sakharov?
Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (Russian: Андре́й Дми́триевич Са́харов, IPA: [ɐnˈdrʲej ˈdmʲitrʲɪjevʲɪtɕ ˈsaxərəf]; 21 May 1921 – 14 December 1989) was a Soviet nuclear physicist, dissident, Nobel laureate, and activist for disarmament, peace and human rights.
What happened to Sakharov in 1989?
Despite the measure of freedom now possible, which enabled him to take up a political role as an elected member of the Congress of the People’s Deputies, Sakharov was critical of Gorbachev, insisting that the reforms should go much further. He died in Moscow on December 14, 1989.
Why did Andrei Sakharov win the Nobel Peace Prize?
For Human Rights in the Soviet Union. The father of the Soviet hydrogen bomb, Andrei Sakharov, was awarded the Peace Prize in 1975 for his opposition to the abuse of power and his work for human rights.
Who was Andrey Sakharov’s mother?
His mother, named Ekaterina Alekseevna was the daughter of a distinguished General, Aleksey Sophiano, who was a Greek-Russian aristocrat in Moscow. Young Andrey Sakharov was a voracious reader.
In 1975 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of his efforts. Andrei Sakharov was exiled to Gorky by the Soviet authorities in order to limit his contacts with foreigners. There he learnt that the European Parliament intended to create a prize for freedom of thought which would bear his name.
Who was Lavrentiy Sakharov?
Stalin’s secret police chief Lavrentiy Beria insisted he join the USSR’s bomb programme. That tore Sakharov away from theoretical physics. Recalling his research of summer 1947, he regretted: “Never before or since have I been so close to the highest level of science.
Where did Sakharov do his graduate work?
In 1945 they returned to Moscow, where Sakharov began his graduate work at the P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (FIAN) under the direction of Igor Y. Tamm, earning his doctorate in two years.